Vanadium Flow Battery Thermal Management Solution
Integrating precise temperature control, efficient heat exchange, and intelligent control technologies to deliver reliable thermal management for vanadium flow battery energy storage systems, enabling safe and efficient long-duration energy storage.
Vanadium Flow Battery Energy Storage System Overview
A Vanadium Flow Battery (VFB) is a rechargeable liquid redox battery that uses vanadium ions in different oxidation states as the active materials for energy storage. As one of the key technologies for large-scale, long-duration energy storage, its performance and operational stability rely heavily on precise thermal management.
Backed by over 16 years of expertise in liquid cooling technologies, APALTEK has developed an intelligent thermal management solution specifically for vanadium flow battery energy storage systems. Through precise temperature control, the system helps prevent electrolyte precipitation, suppress side reactions, maintain electrochemical performance, and ensure safe, stable, and reliable long-term operation, providing solid thermal protection for efficient and long-lasting energy storage.
Vanadium Flow Battery Thermal Management System
Standard Model Features
Direct Refrigerant Cooling with High-Efficiency Phase-Change Heat Transfer
High-Efficiency Compressor with High Evaporating Temperature Design for Reliable, Energy-Saving Performance
Variable-Speed Fan Control with Automatic Condensing Pressure Regulation for Different Ambient Conditions
Titanium Heat Exchanger with a Corrosion-Resistant Titanium Tube Design and Insulated Housing for Flow Battery Electrolyte Applications
Standard Modbus RS-485 Communication Interface for BMS Integration, Remote Monitoring, and Control
Comprehensive Protection Functions, Including Compressor Overheat, Overcurrent, High/Low Pressure, Overtemperature, Phase Loss/Sequence, Anti-Freeze, and Lightning Protection
LCD Controller with Real-Time Status Monitoring, Operating Hours, Active & Historical Alarm Records, Manual/Automatic Operation, and Auto Restart after Power Recovery
Optional Features for Standard Models:
Variable-Speed Compressor & Fan Control or EC Fans
Free Cooling with Refrigerant Pump & Heat Pump Heating
Anti-Dust Filter, Anti-Corrosion Design & High-Altitude Configuration
High-Efficiency Cooling & Heating Unit for Vanadium Flow Battery Systems
Product Features
High Cooling & Heating Capacity
High Cooling & Heating Capacity
Delivers up to 100–130 kW of rated cooling capacity and 95–125 kW of rated heating capacity per unit. Integrated cooling, heating, and automatic defrost modes are controlled automatically. Heat pump heating through a four-way reversing valve reduces energy consumption by more than 60% compared with conventional electric heating.
Energy-Efficient Refrigeration System
Energy-Efficient Refrigeration System
Equipped with a high-evaporating-temperature compressor, refrigerant pump free cooling, and full inverter control for the compressor, refrigerant pump, and fans, delivering over 50% energy savings compared with conventional air-cooled fixed-speed systems.
Intelligent Multi-Mode Cooling Control
Intelligent Multi-Mode Cooling Control
Automatically switches between compressor cooling, hybrid compressor + refrigerant pump cooling, and refrigerant pump free cooling according to ambient temperature and electrolyte temperature requirements, ensuring optimal efficiency under varying operating conditions.
Wide Ambient Temperature Operation
Wide Ambient Temperature Operation
Operates reliably in ambient temperatures from -30°C to +45°C, ensuring stable performance in all-weather conditions.
Integrated Structural Design
Integrated Structural Design
Integrated structure with forklift pockets and lifting lugs for easy transportation, handling, and installation.
Condenser Air Inlet Filter
Condenser Air Inlet Filter
Standard air inlet filter protects the condenser from dust accumulation, helping maintain stable system performance.
Standard Modbus RS-485 Communication
Standard Modbus RS-485 Communication
Fully compatible with BMS integration for remote monitoring and system control.
Corrosion-Resistant Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger
Corrosion-Resistant Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger
Constructed with TA1 titanium tubes and a PPH shell to provide reliable heat exchange for vanadium flow battery energy storage systems.
Stack Test System Thermal Management Series
For 32–125 kW Vanadium Flow Battery Stack Test Systems
| Model | AP08F | AP15F | AP30F |
| Cooling Capacity (kW) | 8 | 15 | 30 |
| Refrigerant | R410A (R134a optional) | ||
| Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) | EER ≥ 4.5 at 20°C evaporation temperature and 35°C ambient temperature | ||
| System Functions | Air-cooled condensation and compressor cooling; fixed-speed or variable-speed control optional; heat pump heating optional; refrigerant pump free cooling optional | ||
| Power Supply |
220 V, 50 Hz or 380 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz |
380 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz | |
| Refrigeration System Configuration | Single refrigeration circuit | ||
|
Overall Dimensions (L × W × H, mm) |
980 × 420 × 795 or 960 × 530 × 1175 |
980 × 380 × 1360 | 1470 × 846 × 950 |
| Heat Exchanger Capacity (kW) | 8 × 1 | 15 × 1 | 30 × 1 |
| Design Flow Rate (m3/h) | ≥5 | ≥10 | ≥25 |
| Heat Exchanger Type | Vertical or horizontal shell-and-tube heat exchanger with titanium tubes and insulated housing; refrigerant flows through the tube side and electrolyte flows through the shell side | ||
| Standard Hose Length | 6 m insulated flexible hose with crimped 304 stainless steel female threaded connectors at both ends | ||
Note: Final specifications are subject to confirmation with the actual order. Dimensions may vary depending on the selected power supply, refrigerant, and optional system functions.
Vanadium Flow Battery Energy Storage Thermal Management Series
For Vanadium Flow Battery Energy Storage Systems Above 125 kW
| Model | AP30F | AP50F | AP70F | AP100F | AP130F |
| Cooling Capacity (kW) | 30 | 50 | 70 | 100 | 130 |
| Refrigerant | R410A (R134a optional) | R410A | |||
| Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) | EER ≥ 4.5 at 20°C evaporation temperature and 35°C ambient temperature | ||||
| System Functions | Air-cooled condensation and compressor cooling; fixed-speed or variable-speed control optional; heat pump heating optional; refrigerant pump free cooling optional | ||||
| Power Supply | 380 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz | ||||
| Refrigeration System Configuration | Single refrigeration circuit | Dual refrigeration circuits | |||
|
Overall Dimensions (L × W × H, mm) |
1470 × 846 × 950 | 1200 × 1200 × 2100 | 1200 × 1200 × 2100 | 2300 × 1070 × 2230 | 2300 × 1070 × 2230 |
| Heat Exchanger Capacity (kW) | 30 × 1 | 50 × 1 | 70 × 1 | 50 × 2 | 65 × 2 |
| Design Flow Rate (m3/h) | ≥25 | ≥40 | ≥50 | ≥40 | ≥45 |
| Heat Exchanger Type | Vertical or horizontal shell-and-tube heat exchanger with titanium tubes and insulated housing; refrigerant flows through the tube side and electrolyte flows through the shell side | ||||
| Standard Hose Length | 6 m insulated flexible hose with crimped 304 stainless steel female threaded connectors at both ends | ||||
Note: Final specifications are subject to confirmation with the actual order. Dimensions may vary depending on the selected refrigerant and optional system functions.
Operating Conditions
Rated Cooling Conditions
Evaporation Temperature: 20°C
Ambient Temperature: 35°C
Wide Ambient Temperature Operation
Ambient Temperature Range: -30°C to +45°C
Supports wide-temperature cooling and low-temperature heating applications
Electrical Protection Rating: IPX5
Suitable for outdoor installation and operation.
Installation Altitude: ≤ 2,000 m
Capacity derates by 5% for every additional 1,000 m above sea level.
For installations above 2,000 m, please contact us for a customized solution.
Tailored Thermal Management for Your Vanadium Flow Battery System
Whether you’re developing a stack test system or deploying a utility-scale energy storage project, APALTEK provides professional thermal management products and customized solutions tailored to your system capacity, operating environment, and temperature control requirements.